Improved apparatus for expanding and fastening boiler tubes



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A A Lntlers Parent ltmntilll'r. filled lijhrmujy 5,-1867, A Y u' I YIuPnovD APPARATUS mit gxesunme AND PASTENING 130mm TUBES.

die Sunnah nfnnb' tu in thrsrgtttns punit nu linking pnt ntttgr stmt.-

To ALL wuou IT MAY CONCERN: u

Be it known that I, Ricnnnn Denon-tx, of the city, county, :tud Stateof, Neu' York, have invented o new and useful -Roller-Expanding Tool forexpunding the ends of hoilcr tubes, and that the followingis affoll,clear, undl exact description of the sonic, reference being-had to thenccompnnying dra\vings,"in which- Figure 1 represents nu elevation of aroller-expanding tool embodying my invention.

Figure 2 represents an end vicv of the same. I I' I' I Figure 3represents n central longitudinal section of thesanle. y l Figure 4represents :i cross-section of the `same at the line r 1: of fig. 3.Figure 5 represents a cross-section of thc-.sume nt theV lincyy oi'hg.48. v Figure 6 represents nn elevation of :x'notlvcr one of thc modes inwhich have contemplated-the application of the principle of rnyinvention.

Figure i represents n cross-section thereof nt the line :f'f 'of tig..6; and Figures 8 nnd 9 represent rollers o f differing profiles. y

The object of the invention is to enzlble the endsof boiler tubes tobeexpanded in the holes in the tlue sheet.

, Previous to this invention it has-been customary to expand the endsof'tubes by :n expanding-tool, composed substantially' ot' :t series ot'nuages radiating from a commoncentre, andcsused to diverge by 4mean.`of: tapering -plug driven into the centre of-thc tool by the repeatedblows of l. maul or'sledge. The prineiple of the invention `whichconstitutes \thesulcct-nntter of this pntent is to expand the tube byrollin; the metal by the application of one or more pressure-rollers tothe interior of the tube, so thatthe meta is extended by rolling, incontradistinetion to the old system .of driving it outwards byhammering; 'and a .the roller can be operated by hand, the use ot' manlsor sledgcs, and all the. inconveniences that attend thei.

employment, nrc dispensed with.v

My invention may be embodied iu various forms; thatu'hieh I prefer forpractical use is represented a' figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. In this examplethree rollers, i a a, are held in n stock, B, and are'operzited 'bymeany of n tapering plug, C, inserted betu'cen them. The rollers shouldbe set nt equal distances ,np art; they'shoul also be of equal size, andtheir profiles should be the same as that of a. longitudinal sectionofthe interior o the extremity of s tubo when properly expanded. Theirjournals e are also held in radial slot'g, tvbich permi the rollers tomore outwards from the centre of the stock. In this case the taperingplug is simultaneously forced inwards between the rollers and turnedupon its axis hy the application of the hands of the operator to airrench or spnnncr, D, fitted to thc head of thc plug C; and the rollersare cuuscdlto turn bythe frictional contact of the surface of the plugwith their surfaces, so that'tho series ofrollera are caused to roll4within the end of tbe tube, and are nt the same time caused to divergeby the turning and entrance of the tapering plug. Moreover, as thetapering plug und roller-stoel: are free, or not nttsched to eachother,the plug may be turned at n ditcrent speed from thnt at which theroller-steelt revolves, and the rollers bear at one side of thesebarrels against the tube, and at the other against the tapering plug, soas to act as true rollers between thesurfaccs'of the two. The slotswhich hold the journals of the rollers may be slightly slered so thatthe axes of the rollers will be slightly skewed to the nxes of the tube,the effect ot' which arrangement is to cause the tapering plug, whenturned, to be drawn into the tube, and to thus expand the rollers; orthe tapering plug may have a sha low dat screw-thrend formed upon itssurface,`so that it will drm' itself inwards na it is turned by hund. Bvneither the slightly skewed arrangement of the rollers nor thc thread isessential to the successful operatic of the instrument. In order to holdthe rollers in their innermost positions when the tool il inserted intotb tub'o I have formed a ring-groove in the stoel: Il, and have insertedin it {spring-ring, g, to bear upon the jon: nuls of the rollers andhold thenrin their inner-.positions when the tapering plug iswithdrntrn.- In order tha one tool may be used for performing the twooperntions of expanding the .tube and oftrilnming o its cud tbaexpanding-rollers und stoel: are combined with attcutter, E, which isarranged to turn upon the stoel: B t tbe expanding-rollers, so that thecompound tool thus formed they ho used tiret to expand the tubo and then(b turning the cutter E-without withdrawing the tool) to trim o' the endof the tube. In this case the roller retain their positions in thegroove which they-hive formed by rolling, and hold the tool in the tubewhile tl cutter is opernting. The cutter may be turned by. n wrench orby n ratchet'handle, G, operatingirr s manner` similar to the handle ofa ratehet-drill; and the cutter maybe forced against the tube by theaction of a nut, II, fitted upon a screw which is formed upon the outerend of the roller-stock B `Although I prefer the above-described 'Inodeof embodying my invention, the most important part ofVit may be embodiedin tools of other forms, one ot"whieh is represented at figs. 0 and 7.In this tool the rollers a a a aro supported upon arbors c e c in a ringframe or stock; ll, which is inserted in thecnd of thc tubo to beexpanded. The rollers are arranged tn tnrn loosely upon the nrbors, sothat they may be caused to diverge by the action of Vthe tapering plugC, which is inserted between them, and is simultaneously pushed into thering frame and turaedby the application of a wrench to its lteaihf. Theprofiles of the rollers are tho name as the profile of the interior ofthe expanded end of the tube. and the surface of the tapering plug C hasa. shallow screw-thread formed upon it, so that the turning of the plugcauses it to draw itself in between tho rollers; In the roller-expandingtools 'represented in the drawings I hare represented rollers withprofiles adapted to expand the tube in the form cnnunonly produced bythe'old expanding tools; but I prefer to use rollers such as arcrepresented at figs. 8 or .l, with profiles, either straight, orstraight with a shallow indentation, forming a ring groove around theroller,l the effect of which is to forni a slight bead within-the tube,which bead holds the tool in its place after the work is commenced. Whensuch rollers are used the hole in the tube-sheet may be -leftcylindrical without the edges being chamfered or countersunlr. Theexpanding-tool may be used in connection with a gauge to tix itsposition by bearing upon the tube-sheet at the sides ofthe tube'so thatthe rollers4 -will be set at the places where the tubes are to beexpanded, hon'erer the projection of the end of the tubes beyond thetube-sheet may rary. Although I prefer a tapering or wedge-formed plugas the expanding instrument, I do not limit my inrentiou to an expandinginstrumentof that form, as circumstances may rendercxpedient the use ofan eapauding instrument of different. form. v l

In' all the aborc-described modifications of the roller-expaudiug toolat. least one roller is combined with a v.tapering plug (or itsequivalent, by whose'aetion theroller is forced outwards in thc tube,)and with a stock or holder, which is not attached to the tapering` plug,and by which the roller is prevented from twisting sidewiae as it isturned round in the tube, and thc freedom offthe tapering plug (which isthe expanding-instrument) ia important because the roller is therebypermitted to a'ct as a true-roller between the expandinginstrument-andthe tube, andthe expanding-instrument may be turned iu the tube at uspeed di`erent from that at which the roller is carried around.- Themain feature of my invention, therefore, consists of the combination ofat least one roller with a roller-stoel: and an expanding-instrumentthat is frcc, or not so attached to the roller-stock that the triomustturn simultaneously; but tbe cutter and ratehet-handle constituteuseful combinations which are supplementary to the aforesaid fundamentalcombination.

What, 'thereforeJ claim as my invention, andd'esiro to secure by LettersPatent, ia

lThe combination in an expanding-tool of the following hereimdescribe'dimplementa, via: the roller, rollerstock, and free-expanding instrument,these three operating in combination substantially as set forth.

I also claim the combination in aa expanding-tool of the followingimplements, riz: -the roller, roller-stock, expanding-instrument, andcutter for trimming the tube` all operating in combination substantiallyas set forth. I also claim the combination in an expanding-tool of thefollowing implements, vu: the roller, roller-stock, cutter, and sratchet-handle for turning it, all operating in combinationsubstantially as cet forth.

I also claim the combination in an expanding-tool of the followingimplcments,viz: the roller, rollebstock, cutter, and screw-feedtherefor,V all operating in combination substantially as set forth. v Intestimony whereof I have bereuntolset my hand this fifth day of March,A. D. 1866.

. RICHARD DUDGEON. Witnesses: v i i Waarna Bncuaxax, .f t L Jeux F.Dmxan. 'i I

